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    "result": {"data":{"post":{"id":"-5c10d009-2e1b-51e9-bf94-b4568914e5c8","mainImage":{"crop":null,"hotspot":null,"asset":{"_id":"image-b0e539f1fc1f8df6fc326e12457f9c8d81734dd8-4500x4500-png"},"alt":"False-color vector drawing of a boat from which plants are growing, propped up by branches of a tree, held about two meters above the ground. "},"title":"Ant soil and leaf litter","_rawExcerpt":[{"_key":"cefb10d9c2ca","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c43a4c628b3a0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"La tierra hormiga es un abono muy natural. Es un abono que lo trabajan unos animales. Las hormigas arrieras se dedican a trabajar, es la función de ellas recoger hojas de árboles, no todos los árboles, pero si usan varios árboles para hacer el abono que nosotros utilizamos acá, que es la tierra hormiga."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"053206f50a36","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"61ae84fb96b40","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"dab21c49b82c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"47d42e57e5ff0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"_rawBody":[{"_key":"dec8c359ed22","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2d2928f5d07e","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"El siguiente texto es una transcripción, anotación e ilustración de una correspondencia por WhatsApp de notas de voz y fotografías entre Smith Valencia en el corregimiento de Coquí, Chocó y la oficina de arquitectura y paisaje APLO, en la ciudad de Bogotá."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"cd605b789e1a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f02e9ea6de6b0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"\n[for the English translation, scroll right]"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e8427c58d082","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6fef921c2471","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"[for annotations by APLO, scroll to the end]"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a793cf01696b","_type":"break","style":"section"},{"_key":"7da4a3d0b6bc","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"750ff4f14e9a0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"La tierra hormiga es un abono muy natural. Es un abono que lo trabajan unos animales."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"0bf0f29a55bb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6c15d052651a0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e44ff18b1abf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"09e39dda84080","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Las hormigas arrieras"},{"_key":"09e39dda84081","_type":"span","marks":["c15774e355a5"],"text":"[1]"},{"_key":"09e39dda84082","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" se dedican a trabajar, es la función de ellas recoger hojas de árboles, no todos los árboles, pero si usan varios árboles para hacer el abono que nosotros utilizamos acá, que es la tierra hormiga."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"c15774e355a5","_type":"link","href":"#refs"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"28cb63922f0c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e29c4c09e00d0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"23702d89c2a4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6f1c441539880","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Esta es una hormiga que no pica pero muerde. No tiene veneno ni duele. Lo único que usted tiene que hacer es quitársela en el momento en el que lo esté mordiendo. La hormiga trabaja llevando bajo tierra hojas de árboles. Luego de que las hojas cumplen su función, la hormiga saca una tierra convertida en abono."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"94724eaacf43","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"64efe39c02dc0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4001e6e1e5e4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"87461a414a640","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"La tierra de hormiga la preparan las arrieras debajo de la tierra."},{"_key":"87461a414a641","_type":"span","marks":["a63f7572224c"],"text":"[2]"},{"_key":"5f9ef278bb13","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" Eso no lo preparamos nosotros los seres humanos, eso ya viene preparado. Ellas sacan el abono"},{"_key":"87461a414a643","_type":"span","marks":["ae586973b52e"],"text":"[3]"},{"_key":"87461a414a644","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" y nosotros lo utilizamos. Cuando la hormiga la saca a la superficie y está ahí sobre el suelo, y ya cuando uno la ve ahí afuera, es porque ya está lista para utilizarse. Ésta es la función de la hormiga y por eso la utilizamos."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"a63f7572224c","_type":"link","href":"#refs"},{"_key":"ae586973b52e","_type":"link","href":"#refs"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"50bc61fcaf00","_type":"youtube","title":"Tierra hormiga","url":"https://youtu.be/Yuu52Hlmgs4"},{"_key":"1700c74f77b4","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"944cc4acf15f","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"La comida de las arrieras para poder hacer la tierra de hormiga es la hoja de la yuca, la hoja de limón, la hoja de papayo, la hoja de espinaca, la hoja de plátano, en fin, todo está en las plantas que ellas se comen para poder hacer el abono. Y por eso es muy buena tierra porque es un abono que hacen directamente de los árboles, eso viene desde la selva, desde las plantas mismas, y en ocasiones inclusive, de las plantas que nosotros sembramos. Entonces ahí está la base de nuestras plantas medicinales y plantas de azotea para la cocina. La tierra hormiga es tierra para uno alimentarse.\n"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4f2c0ecdf1ba","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c28f83bc73700","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Lo que usted hace es que primero la ve y después de recogerla del suelo, usted la trae y la pone a que las gallinas la garbatée, la riegue y le saquen un insecto qué trae ella, porque ella trae un insecto y ese insecto le hace mal a las plantas, entonces toca ponerla en el suelo para que las gallinas la limpien pues. Después de qué las gallinas hacen ese trabajo, ya está lista para usarla en la azotea."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"12c3e3a42967","_type":"mainImage","alt":"A photograph of a mound of bright brown earth partially covered by green foliage ","asset":{"_id":"image-2c35fd86e4c4159b95ecc613ada562c0f2efcb45-1080x1440-png","_type":"sanity.imageAsset","_rev":"NvwN2cqkD7oN4HXcHMeo48","_createdAt":"2022-03-03T01:50:49Z","_updatedAt":"2022-03-03T01:50:49Z","assetId":"2c35fd86e4c4159b95ecc613ada562c0f2efcb45","extension":"png","metadata":{"_type":"sanity.imageMetadata","blurHash":"d26[ECth1aNHtkRRR7R80}I@|ywN--tOkTt6{nwfADN@","dimensions":{"_type":"sanity.imageDimensions","aspectRatio":0.75,"height":1440,"width":1080},"hasAlpha":false,"isOpaque":true,"lqip":"data:image/png;base64,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","palette":{"_type":"sanity.imagePalette","darkMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#3d562f","foreground":"#fff","population":2.21,"title":"#fff"},"darkVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#486a09","foreground":"#fff","population":0.74,"title":"#fff"},"dominant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#3d562f","foreground":"#fff","population":2.21,"title":"#fff"},"lightMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#6b4e2d","foreground":"#fff","population":0,"title":"#fff"},"lightVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#c8a57c","foreground":"#000","population":0.61,"title":"#fff"},"muted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#859451","foreground":"#fff","population":0.24,"title":"#fff"},"vibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#864f36","foreground":"#fff","population":0.64,"title":"#fff"}}},"mimeType":"image/png","originalFilename":"tierra_hormiga_web_00.png","path":"images/xz7bf92j/production/2c35fd86e4c4159b95ecc613ada562c0f2efcb45-1080x1440.png","sha1hash":"2c35fd86e4c4159b95ecc613ada562c0f2efcb45","size":1902729,"uploadId":"Mu1epxs72AgQ8RgC9Chhn6cw3diCNvz7","url":"https://cdn.sanity.io/images/xz7bf92j/production/2c35fd86e4c4159b95ecc613ada562c0f2efcb45-1080x1440.png","id":"image-2c35fd86e4c4159b95ecc613ada562c0f2efcb45-1080x1440-png","children":[],"internal":{"type":"SanityImageAsset","contentDigest":"c842036ab72a23222a6a716683c4c633","owner":"gatsby-source-sanity","counter":96},"parent":null}},{"_key":"f0234663fd8b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5d2fa1faaf9f0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Esa tierra, como le decimos acá directamente nosotros, la usamos para sembrar plantas medicinales y plantas comestibles, como por ejemplo: la cebolla de rama, el tomate, el pimentón, el cilantro cimarrón, el jengibre, el orégano y la albahaca. Con esa tierra de hormiga nosotros no utilizamos ningún tipo de abono de afuera, nada, porque esos animales nos prestan ese servicio directamente."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"b5d5ffc6a773","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"10eabf9cb4ca0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"0de271b89b4a","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0f0e137e27670","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Y la verdad es que es muy ancestral. El tema de tierra hormiga, eso tiene mucho tiempo y nuestros ancestros también hacían lo mismo que estamos haciendo nosotros. Nosotros aprendimos fue de ellos directamente. La tierra hormiga es una tecnología antigua que hace viable la siembra sobre la arena de playa."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"591b39da9658","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"28809df10f0e0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"2ccb8a8f236d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5152d6332b860","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Nosotros acá sembramos al borde de la playa, elevadamente. Bueno, una azotea"},{"_key":"3f9648299bc4","_type":"span","marks":["7bbc54842fd2"],"text":"[4]"},{"_key":"a66f6646ba7c","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" responde al problema de los animales, como las gallinas, para que no se nos coman nuestro sembrado. Para poder hacer la azotea conseguimos horquetas y las vamos enterrando en la tierra. Eso queda como a 1.50 o 2 m de altura. Y ahí comenzamos a armar la azotea que es un contenedor para una mezcla de suelo que se compone de tierra hormiga con hojarasca."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"7bbc54842fd2","_type":"link","href":"#refs"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6e098e56e3f6","_type":"mainImage","alt":"A photograph of a sandy beach, the foreground covered by brown leaves","asset":{"_id":"image-8d6c890c56e40e1715b8a135c76aeb42cd60de4f-1440x1080-png","_type":"sanity.imageAsset","_rev":"NvwN2cqkD7oN4HXcHMetjQ","_createdAt":"2022-03-03T01:52:34Z","_updatedAt":"2022-03-03T01:52:34Z","assetId":"8d6c890c56e40e1715b8a135c76aeb42cd60de4f","extension":"png","metadata":{"_type":"sanity.imageMetadata","blurHash":"VdA1I.kDaej]ay.AkDf5j]ay%ia}f5j[aytTWCjZj[ay","dimensions":{"_type":"sanity.imageDimensions","aspectRatio":1.3333333333333333,"height":1080,"width":1440},"hasAlpha":true,"isOpaque":false,"lqip":"data:image/png;base64,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","palette":{"_type":"sanity.imagePalette","darkMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#42383d","foreground":"#fff","population":8.03,"title":"#fff"},"darkVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#1c0c14","foreground":"#fff","population":0.17,"title":"#fff"},"dominant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#42383d","foreground":"#fff","population":8.03,"title":"#fff"},"lightMuted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#a5b8d8","foreground":"#000","population":0.88,"title":"#fff"},"lightVibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#95b4e4","foreground":"#000","population":0.02,"title":"#fff"},"muted":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#5c7c9c","foreground":"#fff","population":0.01,"title":"#fff"},"vibrant":{"_type":"sanity.imagePaletteSwatch","background":"#8aaed6","foreground":"#000","population":7.73,"title":"#fff"}}},"mimeType":"image/png","originalFilename":"hojarasca_beach_web.png","path":"images/xz7bf92j/production/8d6c890c56e40e1715b8a135c76aeb42cd60de4f-1440x1080.png","sha1hash":"8d6c890c56e40e1715b8a135c76aeb42cd60de4f","size":2169949,"uploadId":"laH0LQsBrCyKOsQUJuYmhZiCpgxuQs1v","url":"https://cdn.sanity.io/images/xz7bf92j/production/8d6c890c56e40e1715b8a135c76aeb42cd60de4f-1440x1080.png","id":"image-8d6c890c56e40e1715b8a135c76aeb42cd60de4f-1440x1080-png","children":[],"internal":{"type":"SanityImageAsset","contentDigest":"4abacfe46e5571ddeec3f5b4cc8b6386","owner":"gatsby-source-sanity","counter":91},"parent":null}},{"_key":"6ccc2c2d1269","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c305a4645d850","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"La hojarasca es un material también algo parecido a la tierra de hormiga, si no que acá ya hay otra función. La hojarasca se forma de las hojas de los árboles que se van madurando y se van desgranando y caen al suelo y se van pudriendo. Y a eso cuando los ríos crecen, que los aguaceros están muy fuertes, lo que los inviernos hacen es bajarla a los ríos, y esa hojarasca la mandan a la playa. Entonces ya cuando llega a la playa uno la ve y la va a recoger y cuando ya la recoge lo que hace es utilizarla para hacer suelo. Ella tiene una salinidad que tampoco le hace daño a la siembra, uno la puede utilizar recién salida o también la dejen al agua lluvia unos 15 días endulzando."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e5bb0ef98c7b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"559751d6f6f90","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4affe494b384","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4fed1888e9af0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Ahora, no únicamente de la selva sale la hojarasca. La hojarasca sale también en los manglares, ahí también se da. Históricamente dicen que la hojarasca que está dentro de los manglares es para sembrar, pero también dicen que son criaderos de un pez que se llama el Guacapá. 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Porque es que todas las plantas maduran sus hojas, entonces casi todos los árboles o plantas son medicina, son medicina tradicional, entonces en el momento en el que uno no está cogiendo la hoja, está lo que hace es volverse hojarasca. Entonces la hojarasca es un abono que se hace de las plantas medicinales y de muchos árboles."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"7b80398f5b32","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"0dc1b2335bdf0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6e4e729e6b65","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f0bc4a9cfa600","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Es un material que directamente hace abono y que lo manda el río. El río es el que lo trae, no es un abono que hacemos nosotros, eso lo hace directamente el río, quién es el procesador de ese material. Lo que hacemos nosotros es recoger y plantar con ella, hacemos las dos mezclas de las dos tierras que recogemos. Nosotros lo que hacemos es mezclar o primero podemos plantar dentro de la hojarasca y ya una vez plantado podemos ir abonando con la tierra hormiga porque la tierra hormiga es como más abono. Así vivimos nosotros y así venimos trabajando."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6ba8123f670e","_type":"mainImage","alt":"False-color vector drawing of a boat from which plants are growing, propped up by branches of a tree, held about two meters above the ground. 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It is a fertilizer produced by animals."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4b662f92474c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c49f8af476520","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"f71a7f4b0ed7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d9410512e0080","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"The leafcutter ants"},{"_key":"f0cc022c244c","_type":"span","marks":["33dc63e71d9c"],"text":"[5]"},{"_key":"650f3dcb3644","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" are dedicated to work; it is their function to collect leaves from trees, not all the trees, but they do use several trees, to make the fertilizer that we use here, which is the "},{"_key":"d9410512e0083","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"tierra hormiga"},{"_key":"d9410512e0084","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"33dc63e71d9c","_type":"link","href":"#refs"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6506c05c73b0","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ef2ce44ebf4c0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"f08ed4c3d77b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"092ef9f8207a0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"This ant doesn’t sting, it bites. 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They eat and make compost. And that is why it is very good soil because it is a fertilizer that they make directly from trees, from the forest, from the plants themselves, and sometimes even from the plants that we plant. So this is the base of our medicinal plants and gardens we use in the kitchen. "},{"_key":"e6d5ef98a0993","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Tierra hormiga"},{"_key":"e6d5ef98a0994","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" is the soil for one to feed on."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"c22b7aa9e468","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ae586087a2720","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"7ea4afd49bd2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"439469fbfc3b0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Once you see it and scoop it up from the ground, you bring it home and lay it out for the chickens to pick at it and take out the insects that are in it. Because it contains insects and those insects are bad for the plants, so this is the time for the chickens to clean it. After the chickens do that job, it's ready to be used in the gardens."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"957a5e1949d2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"702d926f30de","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"d17ba502783b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6813ea8cb697","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"We use that soil, as we call it around here, to plant medicinal plants and edible plants, such as scallions, tomatoes, pepper, wild coriander, ginger, oregano and basil. With this soil from the ants we do not use any type of fertilizer from outside, nothing, because those animals provide us with that service directly."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"0501c234678b","_type":"break","style":"section"},{"_key":"410e30a32b7c","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"7794ded8a35e0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"And the truth is that it is very ancient. This matter of "},{"_key":"a0edf94be914","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"tierra hormiga "},{"_key":"7794ded8a35e2","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"has been around for a long time, and our ancestors did the same thing that we are doing. We learned it from them directly. "},{"_key":"7794ded8a35e3","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Tierra hormiga"},{"_key":"7794ded8a35e4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" is an ancient technology that makes planting on beach sand possible."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ba3a80c471c7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"7c93fafa79250","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"744dc5e89bf3","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"35e662a2d2ea0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"We plant here on the edge of the beach, high up. Well, an "},{"_key":"35e662a2d2ea1","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"azotea"},{"_key":"00b8c71cf705","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" [8] is an answer to the issue with animals, like chickens, so they don't eat our crops. To be able to make the "},{"_key":"35e662a2d2ea4","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"azotea"},{"_key":"35e662a2d2ea5","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" we get timber columns and we bury them in the ground. 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"},{"_key":"d8bfd52813e0","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Hojarasca"},{"_key":"2ef0f334b7b3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" is formed from the leaves of trees that mature and shred and fall to the ground and rot. And when the rivers rise, when the downpours are very strong, what winter does is lower them into the rivers, and then they send that litter to the beach. So when you get to the beach you see it and you pick it up. And after you pick it up, what you do is use it to make soil. It has a salinity that does not harm the plantings, so one can use it fresh or leave it in rainwater for about 15 days to sweeten it."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"2f638b8f3abf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b5b85b677d4d","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"290e61e36ed5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"6cc8730d0f000","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Now, the leaves don’t only come out of the jungle. 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is a relation between "},{"_key":"ef799f9ec0ac1","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"hojarasca"},{"_key":"ef799f9ec0ac2","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" and medicine: when a leaf falls from a plant that is medicinal, it also becomes "},{"_key":"ef799f9ec0ac3","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"hojarasca"},{"_key":"ef799f9ec0ac4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". Because all plants shed their leaves, one could say that almost all trees or plants are medicine, traditional medicine, so whenever one does not pick the leaves, what they do is turn into "},{"_key":"ef799f9ec0ac5","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"hojarasca"},{"_key":"ef799f9ec0ac6","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":". "},{"_key":"ef799f9ec0ac7","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Hojarasca"},{"_key":"ef799f9ec0ac8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" is a fertilizer that is made from medicinal plants as well as many [different] trees."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"2702fc2bf381","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d895191c32580","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e2c006e7101b","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"908c9fbf45ca0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"It is a material that directly makes a fertilizer, sent by the river. The river is the one that brings it; it is not a fertilizer that we make, it is done directly by the river, who is the processor of that material. What we do is collect it and plant with it. We make mixtures from the two soils that we collect. What we do is mix them, or sometimes we first plant directly in the "},{"_key":"908c9fbf45ca1","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"hojarasca"},{"_key":"908c9fbf45ca2","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" and once planted we can fertilize with the "},{"_key":"908c9fbf45ca3","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"tierra hormiga"},{"_key":"908c9fbf45ca4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":" because it has more nutrients in it. This is how we live and this is how we have been working."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e26bf2077b4e","_type":"break","style":"section"},{"_key":"e2e7c4bc7ba6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"bfad440f2a390","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Anotaciones [ES]"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"b00d9d8273a7","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e95d2ae0be53","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"bbb45e7b0833","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b2b06f849193","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"[1] Hay un montículo en la boca de la selva, a orillas del océano Pacífico colombiano. A dos metros de profundidad, hormigas arrieras ("},{"_key":"78365c0999452","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Atta colombica"},{"_key":"78365c0999453","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":") cultivan y custodian jardines de micelio. Las arrieras buscan, limpian y preparan hojas de yuca, papayo, limón y plátano. Cortan con sus mandíbulas trozos diminutos que son transportados a través de caravanas hasta los hormigueros. Una vez adentro, las hojas se ofrecen como alimento para el hongo. El hongo en respuesta provee alimento para las hormigas. "},{"_key":"78365c0999454","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Mutualismo."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"e693e03c4b11","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"faac580da1140","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"6a2f4e4ffb4d","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"e1b188c815e3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"[2] Entradas, túneles y ductos son fruto del trabajo progresivo de hormigas obreras que dan forma a estos espacios desde la misma tierra que excavan. Mediante la construcción de un sistema complejo de cámaras para el albergue de distintos programas específicos se procura la supervivencia y el buen funcionamiento del hormiguero: acoplamiento, alojamiento de crías, almacenaje de comida y cultivo de alimentos. Esta última, quizás la más demandante en cuanto al cuidado, es el destino de una larga cadena de coordinación logística y distribución de oficios. Se inicia con las obreras que construyen vínculos entre el suelo y el subsuelo, luego las cortadoras buscan y podan hojas para que las cargadoras las lleven hasta los jardines subterráneos, donde finalmente las jardineras alimentan y cuidan el hongo."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"d3cebadbae26","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"2fa2720086c90","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"da48d6c314a2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"52c63e09ee61","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"[3] Mediante los procesos de jardinería o mantenimiento del hongo, se producen desechos. En cuanto el hongo pierde su naturaleza funcional es sacado por las obreras escoteras junto con el material vegetal que no les resulta útil, además de las hormigas enfermas y muertas a pequeños vertederos en formas de montículos a las afueras de la colonia, ese resultado del manejo de desechos, es la tierra hormiga."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"30cbf46f444f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"fbc70886b0a0","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"3adddab69694","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"c3361b5d9483","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"[4] Estructuras aéreas construidas con horquetas que sostienen antiguas barcas u otras formas de contención, con el fin de poder contener un sustrato fértil para sembrar hierbas y hortalizas en los húmedos y arenosos suelos de la costa Pacífica Colombiana."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ffd4a921e030","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"ba9a08f323a4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"a15aed00f341","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"f19d1ecfe608","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Annotations [EN]"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"fa1c2bf39d29","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d3d2c6d708ba","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"852dc94ef539","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"4daa320041c3","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"[5] There is a mound at the mouth of the forest, on the shores of the Colombian Pacific Ocean. At a depth of two meters, leafcutter ants ("},{"_key":"62f186e9e8e3","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Atta colombica"},{"_key":"0d2e8a94546b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":") cultivate and guard gardens of mycelium. The ants find, clean and prepare yucca, papaya, lemon and banana leaves. They cut tiny pieces with their jaws that are later transported through caravans to the anthills. Once inside, the leaves are offered as food for the fungus. The fungus in response provides food for the ants. "},{"_key":"6e0405ad522a","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"Mutualism"},{"_key":"68668e2ea191","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"4156945050ad","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"5017fb3ecb83","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"2b56ca335bcf","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"77fb45e0f426","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"[6] Entrances, tunnels, and ducts are the result of the progressive work of worker ants that shape these spaces from the very earth they dig. Through the construction of a complex system of chambers for the shelter of different specific programs, the survival and proper functioning of the anthill is ensured: mating, housing of young, storage of food and cultivation of food. The latter, perhaps the most demanding in terms of care, is the destination of a long chain of coordination and distribution of trades. It starts with the workers who build links between the soil and the subsoil, then the cutters search and prune leaves for the loaders to take them to the underground gardens, where finally the planters feed and care for the fungus."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"1d58f8124ccc","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"739c151641b8","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"3ef69e16616f","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d1ed175096f4","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"[7] Through the processes of gardening or maintenance of the fungus, waste is produced. As soon as the fungus loses its functional nature, it is removed by the planter, and collected together with the vegetal material that is not useful to them. In addition, old fungi and sick and dead ants are taken out the anthill to small dumps in the form of mounds on the outskirts of the colony. The result of this waste management is ant soil, or "},{"_key":"bcb5a24ce317","_type":"span","marks":["em"],"text":"tierra hormiga"},{"_key":"78440dca1f49","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"fac1a0e2ebb2","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"b540bcd93690","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"3c2763d917c6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d3a3b9b21dd4","_type":"span","marks":["8429243455f8"],"text":"["},{"_key":"faeff8e1c69b","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"8] Aerial structures built with wood pillars that support old boats or other forms of containment, in order to receive a fertile substrate to plant herbs and vegetables above the humid and sandy soils of the Colombian Pacific coast."}],"markDefs":[{"_key":"8429243455f8","_type":"link","href":"#_ftnref1"}],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"ff78cdc9acbc","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"d44d3cf9e5da","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9a61883ba7d5","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"152e7cbc9e82","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"all photography, sound & video recording: Smith Valencia, 2021–2022"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"bfdedad1ade6","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"7e54171ff14a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"all drawings and video editing: APLO, 2022"}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"},{"_key":"9b58722a4fb8","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"43c47322e060","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":""}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}],"cycle":{"slug":{"current":"cycle-i"},"theme":"Metamorphoses of the Ground"},"authors":[{"author":{"id":"-3209c772-0365-5c4c-bffb-19c06d06ca65","name":"Smith Valencia","twitterName":null,"_rawBio":[{"_key":"c45538a4eacb","_type":"block","children":[{"_key":"a1ba4fbf605a","_type":"span","marks":[],"text":"Smith Valencia is a fisherman and farmer, a resident of the village Coqui in the region of Chocó on the Pacific coast of Colombia."}],"markDefs":[],"style":"normal"}]}}]}},"pageContext":{"id":"-5c10d009-2e1b-51e9-bf94-b4568914e5c8","pageType":"CONTRIBUTION"}},
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